MOOD (AFFECTIVE) DISORDERS

DEPRESSION:

Depression is a low mood that lasts for weeks or months and affects your daily life.

Symptoms of depression include:

• Feeling unhappy or hopeless

• Low self-esteem and finding no pleasure in things you usually enjoy.

• Treatment for depression usually involves a combination of lifestyle changes, talking therapies and medicines.

• Many things can cause depression such as stressful events, personality, family history and giving birth.

(Source: nhs.uk)

PREMENSTRUAL DYSPHORIC DISORDER (PMDD)

Symptoms of PMDD are similar to PMS but are much more intense and can have a much greater negative impact on your daily activities and quality of life.

Symptoms can include:

• physical symptoms - cramps, headaches and joint and muscle pain

• behavioural symptoms such as binge eating and problems sleeping

• mental and emotional symptoms, such as feeling very anxious, angry, depressed or, in some cases, even suicidal

(Source: nhs.uk)

LOW SELF- ESTEEM

Low self-esteem is when someone lacks confidence about who they are and what they can do. They often feel incompetent, unloved, or inadequate. People who struggle with low self-esteem are consistently afraid about making mistakes or letting other people down.

There are several signs that a person may be struggling with low self-esteem. Those signs of low self-esteem include:

  • Sensitivity to criticism

  • Social withdrawal

  • Hostility

  • Excessive pre-occupation with personal problems

  • Physical symptoms - can lead to eating disorders, addictions etc

    (Source: webmd.com)

BI-POLAR DISORDER:

The main symptoms of bipolar disorder are episodes of extreme highs and lows, which can last for several weeks.

People with bipolar disorder have episodes of:

• Depression – feeling very low and lethargic

• Mania – feeling very high and overactive

• Symptoms of bipolar disorder depend on which mood you're experiencing.

• Unlike simple mood swings, each extreme episode of bipolar disorder can last for several weeks (or even longer).

(Source: nhs.uk)

INTERMITTENT EXPLOSIVE DISORDER (IED) / ANGER

The main sign of intermittent explosive disorder is a pattern of outbursts of anger that are out of proportion to the situation or event that caused them.

People with IED are aware that their anger outbursts are inappropriate but feel like they can’t control their actions during the episodes. Aggressive outbursts:

• Are impulsive (not planned).

• Happen rapidly after being provoked.

• Last no longer than 30 minutes.

• Cause significant distress.

• Cause problems at school, work and/or home.

The anger episodes can be mild or severe.

(Source: nimh.nih.gov)